The Effects Of Racism On African American Women - 971 Words

Racism has become one of the major issues in humanity in the whole world. It is a belief of people that their race, skin color, ethnic identity is superior than others. Racism is found almost everywhere in the world. In the United States, racism started since the European colonization and still exists in our society. African American have been target of population control strategy, harassment, assault, sexual abuse, rape. Rapid population growth is one of the major issues everywhere. And women of color are the main victims of population control strategies; especially African American women were targeted for population control measures. â€Å"They were coercively used for birth control tactics. Several strategies were used to persuade the African women to use birth control†. (454 cross- 2nd para). For eg ,† women working at some factories report that they must accept an injection of Depo Provera contraceptive in order to keep their jobs†. In United States, involuntary sterilization became part of population control policy, in which African American women were the victims. They were forcefully sterilized. â€Å" In 1970, just under half (43%) of all women sterilized through federal funding were African American† and over ten years later, sterilization abuse prevalent. (454). Similarly,† young African-American girls were sterilized under the threat of either themselves or their family losing welfare benefits†(454).globalisation These African American Women’s bodies were used as anShow MoreRelatedRacism In The Bluest Eye Essay1730 Words   |  7 Pages Racism In The Bluest Eyes The Bluest Eye tells a tragic story of a young girl named Pecola who desperately wishes for beautiful blue eyes. Pecola believes that the only way she will ever be beautiful is if she has blue eyes. This story takes place in the 1970’s, a time where African Americans were second class citizens in society. They were often exploited and dehumanized because of the way they looked, and this will leave a long lasting effect. Americans would often think that the only wayRead MorePower Can Escalate A Situation Substantially, Leaving Many1176 Words   |  5 Pagesthe African American society makes. The goal for the African american society is to get equal treatment and status this infuriates the White Supremacist society. Racism is what counteracts the struggle that the African American society goes through for equality. Racism is defined as â€Å"the belief that all members of each race possess characteristics or abilities specific to that race, especially so as to distinguish it as inferior or superior to another race or races.† (Google Search). Racism is theRead MoreRacism And The Australian Human Rights Commission1626 Words   |  7 PagesRacism, wherever it occurs, has damaging effects. It can be defined as the belief that all members of each race possess characteristics or abilities, especially so as to distinguish it as inferior or superior to another race (Oxford dictionary). It can occur on individual, internal,or institutional levels, and it can be either subtle or obvious (Jones,2000). Research confirms that racism is still prevalent in today’s society, in 2013 the Australian Human Rights Commission received a 59 per cent increaseRead MoreThemes Of Hidden Figures Directed By Theodore Melfi995 Words   |  4 Pagesthemes of racism and sexism in America during the 1960’s. These themes expresses Theodore Melfi’s intention of this film is displaying that sexism and racism is hard to abolish. Melfi uses visual and verbal features of dialogue, costume and symbolism to contribute to the director’s intention. A verbal feature Melfi uses to show the themes of sexism and racism is dialogue. This use of this verbal feature helps establish Theodore Melfi’s true intention for this film that sexism and racism is hard toRead MoreSexism And Racism : Racism And Prejudice Essay1348 Words   |  6 PagesSexism vs Racism Discrimination and prejudice have both been a major problem in our society since the idea of gender and race contacted our brains. Everyone hopes that humankind will change and treat everyone equally and fairly, but this still has yet to happen. Mankind is still treating people as minorities without a second thought. Women are still stereotyped as being too feminine for a â€Å"man’s job†, such as construction or military forces. As well as, men being considered to manly to be ableRead MoreRacism And African American Women Essay1543 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s society, racism is viewed as a controversial and hot topic. In both institutions and in everyday situations, this concept can be found and is often used to justify an action, thought, or a perception. In his article, Dr. Eduardo Bonilla-Silva offers several definitions of racism; he quotes Dr. Richard Schaeffer’s succinct definition, which states racism as â€Å"‘...a doctrine of rac ial supremacy, that one race is superior’ (1997:465). Racism affects the African-American community very stronglyRead MoreInvestigating The Gender Gap And How That Effected The Way That Men And Women May View Other Races1026 Words   |  5 Pagesthe gender gap and how that effected the way that men and women may view other races. I believe that women, due to their struggles with gender bias, will be more compassionate and less racist than men. I chose the following four articles to look into gender bias and modern racism. My four chosen articles look into the United State’s racial and gender biases compared to those around the world. In Schnake, Beal, and Ruscher’s Modern Racism and Intergroup Boas in Casual Explanation the authors beginRead MoreAnalysis Of Inuyasha And Othello 1373 Words   |  6 Pagesantagonist, Naraku, embodied the epitome of evil, suspicion, wonder, exoticism and fear which gives small glimpses into the far-reaching effects of blackness embedded in Japan today. InuYasha and the portrayals of blackness in other anime like it, encouraged me to wonder about the effects subversive historical conceptualizations of blackness have on portrayals of African Americans. I began this study with a memory from my adolescents to implicate the importance of understanding â€Å"blackness† in contemporaryRead MoreAdverse Birth Outcomes804 Words   |  3 Pagesshowing both biological and sociological consequences, it is then not surprising the effects that can be seen in all ethnicity. Along with these studies well noted, other research suggest that one particular racial group due to underlying factors may be at a greater disadvantage then the rest. The minority groups facing additional influence are that of the African-Americans (AA) women, whom studies show that the effects of stress and racial discrimination â€Å"direct or indirect† (Hilmert, Dominguez, SchetterRead MoreRace Class Gender 456 Final Exam1311 Words   |  6 Pagesgroup. Ethnocentrism is defined by our tendency to judge other groups or cultures based upon our own standards establishing boundaries between â€Å"us† and â€Å"them†. If these boundaries are positive the groups will coexist peacefully but if negative some racism and/or stratification occurs. Competition is the battle over limited resources always resulting in a â€Å"winner† or a dominant group. The dominant group often has the upper hand in the competition, thus â€Å"stacking the deck† so the minority group can’t

Sensory Integration Therapy For Children - 754 Words

Many parents believe that they are the reason why their child acts a certain way. Researchers are unable to pin point exactly what is the cause of sensory integrated problems but are able to narrow down several possible directions such as genetic factors, premature birth, birth trauma, viruses, illnesses, drugs or alcohol during pregnancy and many more. Unable to understand their child’s behavior, parents have chosen to medicate their child to help them focus. These children may show signs of unacceptable or inappropriate behavior such as very active, inattentive, impulsive, impatient or very loud. Even though some parents may believe their child is aware and conscious of their behavior, they are not. Children are having a very difficult time focusing even if they are trying their hardest. Another approach that therapist have found helpful is sensory integration therapy. â€Å"Sensory integration therapy also known as SI therapy is a method of treating children who have probl ems processing sensory stimuli called sensory integration disorder.† Professionals must approach each child with a sensory integration disorder in a positive way. Therapist must challenge the students and create a setting that would allow the students to feel a sense of accomplishment. According to â€Å"Helping hyperactive kids† the feeling of success is an important first step in your child’s ability to process sensory stimuli. Beside sensory integration disorder, â€Å"sensory integration therapy can be useful inShow MoreRelatedArgumentative Essay : Sit On Kids With Autism1119 Words   |  5 Pages1 in 68 children suffer from autism according to www.autismspeaks.org. 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While physical therapy focuses on the use of exercises and equipment to help patients regain or improve their physical abilities, occupational therapy aids patients of all ages to perform tasks throughRead MoreEarly Intervention For Young Children1292 Words   |  6 Pages Early Intervention for Young Children With Sensory Integration Conditions and the Role of an Occupational Therapist Kassandra Griffin Keiser University Early Intervention for Young Children with Sensory Integration Conditions And the Role of an Occupational Therapist Sensory integration is a condition that can be found in young children. This condition is defined as the difficulty of developing motor and cognitive skills at a typical rate(book). If the parent of a child withRead More Physical-Based Intervention Therapies For Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder1616 Words   |  7 Pages(Autism Speaks). There are a multitude of different types of therapies than can assist individuals whose lives are affected by ASD. This paper describes many of the challenges faced by individuals with ASD and also explores some of the physical based activities that have been shown to be effective in helping children with ASD overcome many of the obstacles they face. Motor impairments are one of a large number of concerns for children who are diagnosed with ASD. These motor impairments can beRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1444 Words   |  6 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder Dustin S. Staats University of Central Oklahoma â€Å"Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) formerly known as just Autism, is a disorder that affects about 1 in 68 children here in the United States.† (Facts about ASD) This is a pretty high prevalence and the number is continuing to rise. â€Å"Autism is a developmental disability that can cause significant impairments in behavioral, communication, and social aspects of everyday life.†(Facts about ASD). The intellectual functioning ofRead MoreSensory Processing Disorder: Facts and Solutions1343 Words   |  5 Pagescheese will cause a gag reflex to nearly vomiting. Not only does the exhausted mother fear for her daughter’s normal growth, her parenting skills are under scrutiny and her child is labeled picky and difficult. Food aversion is just one area where Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) can present itself. The purpose of this paper is to give a comprehensive view to parents and caregivers who may have a child going undiagnosed with characteristics beyond the common parameters. It is also designed to answerRead MoreSbins Show Evidence On The Effect Of Sbis1168 Words   |  5 PagesSome of the studies that investigated the effect of SBIs show evidence on the effectiveness of SBIs similar to sensory diets; however, these studies had poor methodologies and lacked rigorous intervention protocols. Only one study (FazlioÄŸlu Baran, 2008) was at the level I of the evidence hierarchy (Sackett, Rosenberg, Gray, Haynes, Richardson, 1996). The assessments used in these studies to determine the presence of SPD, outcome measures, and intervention protocols varied significantly. TheRead MoreEssay on Treatment of Autism in Adolescents1281 Words   |  6 Pagesloss of speech or social skills, and attachment to parents are three of the many symptoms expressed by children with Autism (â€Å"What is Autism?†). In order to improve theses symptoms, many types of treatments have been established. First are the Behavior and Communication Approaches, which include Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM), and different sorts of therapy. 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Throughout this semester the knowledge that I’ve gained, has advanced my level of critical thinking and awareness of several mental disorders. Each day delivered a level of goals and improvements. Each child that attended this outpatient clinic expressed how valuable and unique they truly are. The individualization was one of the best mechanisms that was transpired on a daily basis. Each day was

Women in Shakespeares Plays free essay sample

An analysis of women as reflected in father-daughter relationships in Shakespeares plays. This paper focuses on the importance of the womens roles in the plays Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, and Othello. Particularly, the relationship between the woman and their fathers is analyzed in this paper. The father-daughter relationship that this paper focuses on is the relationship between pairs of characters in the plays mentioned above: Lord Capulet and Juliet (Romeo and Juliet), Polonius and Ophelia (Hamlet), and Brabantio and Desdemona (Othello). Each character is evaluated according to their interaction not only with other people, but most importantly their interaction with each other. An analysis on the effect of woman roles in contributing to the tragedy that happened in the play is also discussed. Women in many of Shakespeares plays establish their own identity in the story through a series of interaction with various characters in the play. Aside from their roles as a woman and a wife or lover to the main characters of Shakespearean plays, the author presents another side of the womans character through a reflection of the existing father and daughter relationship in the story. We will write a custom essay sample on Women in Shakespeares Plays or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If women were regarded as goddess by their husbands/lovers, their relationships with their fathers present another part of their persona, and each of them possesses unique characteristics that make their roles in the story memorable.

Portrayal of Charles Bovary in Madame Bovary free essay sample

In this Chapter, the persona of Charles Bovary is introduced through the reader, starting from a scene where Charles arrives in the Boarding School, at the age of 12. †¢P. 15 : â€Å" In the corner behind the door, only just visible, stood a country lad of fifteen, taller than any of us, with hair cut square on his forehead like a village chorister ; sensible looking and extremely ill at ease. He had on a short green jacket with black buttons, which must have pinched him under the arms although he was not broad-shouldered, and which revealed at the cuffs a glimpse of red wrists that were used to going bare. † From the very beginning, Charles is marginalized by Flaubert as a rural figure. This report shows the scene that unfolds itself at the introduction of Charles through the eyes of his future classmates. This portrayal has a very negative and sardonic tone. †¢P. 6 : â€Å" The boy stammered out some unintelligible noise†¦This time, the new boy plucked up his courage, opened his mouth to an enormous width , and brought out at the top of his voice, as if he were hailing someone, the word Charbovari† This description depicts Charles’ painful inability to communicate. We will write a custom essay sample on Portrayal of Charles Bovary in Madame Bovary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He does not manage to effectively communicate even the most superficial of all messages, one’s name, let alone that he could communicate more complicated aspects of a existance (assuming he could actually identify them). This inability is also shown when he Charles proposes to Emma, later in the novel, where he misses the emotional intelligence to grasp the art of effective communication. †¢P. 17 18 : â€Å" At evening prep, he took his cuffs from his desk, set out his little belongings and fuled his paper with care. We saw him working conscientiously, looking up every word in the dictionary, taking the utmost pains. † This report exemplifies Charles’ diligent working, which is a direct result of his absolute lack of any specific talent. It could be considered as irony used by Flaubert, a critique towards the labouring middle-class, limited by its own lack of talents. †¢P. 23 : â€Å" Devoid of enthousiasm, he came naturally to absolve himself from all the good resolutions he had made. † In this description, Flaubert furthermore degenerates any notion of self-awareness Charles might possess : his lack of an emotional spine makes Charles complacent, and makes him surrender to aimless wanderings, and ultimately fail his exams. We can conclude that Flaubert makes use of this introductory chapter to depict Charles as an incapable, complacent being, that needs structure ( a strong hand, being his mother, and later Helene and Emma). 2. Chapter VII This Chapter mainly marks the moral and emotional detachment of Emma in her relationship with Charles. †¢P. 53-54 : â€Å" Nevertheless, had Charles so wished, had he guessed, had his eyes once read her thoughts, it would instantly have delivered her heart of a rich load, as a single touch will bring the ripe fruit from falling from the tree. Portrayal of Charles Bovary in Madame Bovary free essay sample In this Chapter, the persona of Charles Bovary is introduced through the reader, starting from a scene where Charles arrives in the Boarding School, at the age of 12. †¢P. 15 : â€Å" In the corner behind the door, only just visible, stood a country lad of fifteen, taller than any of us, with hair cut square on his forehead like a village chorister ; sensible looking and extremely ill at ease. He had on a short green jacket with black buttons, which must have pinched him under the arms although he was not broad-shouldered, and which revealed at the cuffs a glimpse of red wrists that were used to going bare. † From the very beginning, Charles is marginalized by Flaubert as a rural figure. This report shows the scene that unfolds itself at the introduction of Charles through the eyes of his future classmates. This portrayal has a very negative and sardonic tone. †¢P. 6 : â€Å" The boy stammered out some unintelligible noise†¦This time, the new boy plucked up his courage, opened his mouth to an enormous width , and brought out at the top of his voice, as if he were hailing someone, the word Charbovari† This description depicts Charles’ painful inability to communicate. We will write a custom essay sample on Portrayal of Charles Bovary in Madame Bovary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He does not manage to effectively communicate even the most superficial of all messages, one’s name, let alone that he could communicate more complicated aspects of a existance (assuming he could actually identify them). This inability is also shown when he Charles proposes to Emma, later in the novel, where he misses the emotional intelligence to grasp the art of effective communication. †¢P. 17 18 : â€Å" At evening prep, he took his cuffs from his desk, set out his little belongings and fuled his paper with care. We saw him working conscientiously, looking up every word in the dictionary, taking the utmost pains. † This report exemplifies Charles’ diligent working, which is a direct result of his absolute lack of any specific talent. It could be considered as irony used by Flaubert, a critique towards the labouring middle-class, limited by its own lack of talents. †¢P. 23 : â€Å" Devoid of enthousiasm, he came naturally to absolve himself from all the good resolutions he had made. † In this description, Flaubert furthermore degenerates any notion of self-awareness Charles might possess : his lack of an emotional spine makes Charles complacent, and makes him surrender to aimless wanderings, and ultimately fail his exams. We can conclude that Flaubert makes use of this introductory chapter to depict Charles as an incapable, complacent being, that needs structure ( a strong hand, being his mother, and later Helene and Emma). 2. Chapter VII This Chapter mainly marks the moral and emotional detachment of Emma in her relationship with Charles. †¢P. 53-54 : â€Å" Nevertheless, had Charles so wished, had he guessed, had his eyes once read her thoughts, it would instantly have delivered her heart of a rich load, as a single touch will bring the ripe fruit from falling from the tree. But as their outward familiarity grew, she began to be inwardly detached, to hold herself more aloof from him. † This descriptive comment marks , on one hand, Charles’ absolute inability to grasp Emma even in the slightest, despite his abundance of good intentions, and on the other hand, Emma’s gradual detachment. This portrayal is almost pathetic, as it does not show Charles as a persona with a strong will nor a strong character. †¢P. 53-54 : â€Å" Charles’ conversation was as flat as a street pavement, on which everybody’s ideas trudged past , in their workaday dress, provoking no emotion, no laughter, no dreams. This is a very sardonic comment of Flaubert on Charles, and also on middle-class conversations. In general, Charles is very unilaterally depicted as a dull, typical provincial member of middle class. We could state that Flaubert does not really open a new register of portrayal concerning Charles. †¢P. 54 : â€Å" She used to s ketch. And it was a great sport for Charles to stand there, bolt upright, watching her as she bent over her drawing-block, half-closing her eyes to see her work better or rolling little bread-crumb pellets between finger and thumb. P. 5: â€Å"Possessing such a wife, Charles came to have an increased respect for himself. † These extracts display Charles’ almost childish devotion and adoration for Emma, but also his dullness, which does not even allow him to discover Emma’s downsides. †¢P. 55 : â€Å"He took off his frock-coat to eat his meal in comfort, and told her all the people he had met, the villages he had been to, Then , well pleased with himself, he finished the onion stew, pared the rind from his cheese, munched an apple, emptied the decanter and took himself off to bed, where he lay down on his back and started snoring. The domesticity of this scene helps in portraying Charles as a character bound to routine and ambitiousless. †¢P. 56 : â€Å"By the moonlight in the garden, she used to recite to him all the love poetry she knew,†¦ It left her as unmoved as before, neither did it appear to Charles more loving or more emotional. † In this extract, Flaubert portrays Charles as a character for whom it’s impossible to have a higher feeling of love. Lovi ng is almost a merely materialistic, superficial thing, and this form of indirect portraying only proves our image of Charles as a shallow, trivial person. 3. Chapter IX †¢P. 3 : â€Å" Charles trotted across the country in rain and snow†¦ But every evening, he came home to a blazing fire and a supper waiting†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Charles physical action radius in this extract is relatively large compared to Emma’s, but he keeps moving in dull, rural environments. This illustrates his utter provinciality. †¢P. 74 : â€Å" He looked well and felt well, and his reputation was firmly established. † Charles’ complacency makes him feel as if he has achieved something, but the same complacency forces him not to ambition more. Again, Flaubert uses this particular part to criticize the absolute lack of ambition of middle-class people. P. 74 : â€Å" Being scared of killing his clients, he in fact rarely prescribed anything but sedatives, with an occasional emetic, a foot-bath or leeches. † Even though his firmly established reputation , he is and stays an incompetent doctor, and Charles is aware of that. 4. Conclusion We can conclude that there is not a real evolution in how Charles is described. His persona remains a means for Flaubert to critique middle-class society and it’s utter lack of ambition and capacities. Flaubert mainly uses description, report and occasionally comment, but never dialogue, to depict Charles.

Free John Kasson and Leo Marx Essay

Free John Kasson and Leo Marx Essay John Kasson and Leo Marx John Kasson and Leo Marx have written the books that provide a thorough insight into the changes that shaped the American society. John Kasson's Amusing the Million: Coney Island at the Turn of the Century describes new social reality that has emerged. The establishment of the urban amusement park is seen as a response to it. This new reality was caused by transformation of peoples role; they were no longer rural laborers of the farms but urban operators of the machines. Coney Island caused the vanishing of certain boundaries in human relationships; social distinction was blurred to a considerable degree, while previously rigid restrictions disappeared entirely. According to Kasson, Coney Island in its heyday could be considered as a form of techno-paradise: a small separate area of pleasure and delight. The reason behind its remarkable success lied within the necessity of the urban society in a recreation area where people could embrace the nature and amusing pastime. Coney Island provided an escape from daily routine, onerous burdens and intractable problems. During the weekends, the pivotal part of the workforce could engage in the day of recreation in order to face the complexity of a crowded urban way of life on weekdays. Therefore, Coney Island contributed considerably towards the transformation of the nation on its way to a mainstream industrial economy. Leo Marx's The Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral Ideal in America describes the duality of values of those times. On the one hand, people celebrated the nature in all respects. On the other hand, Americans highly encouraged the development of industry despite the fact that its emergence had a destructive impact on the environment. This contradictory relationship with nature is reflected in American pastoralism. Taking in consideration Marxs notions, the Coney Island amusement center can be identified as a pastoral construct in the American tradition. On the whole, the pastoral ideal lies within the belief of Americans in natures significance and value As it is seen in Amusing the Million: Coney Island at the Turn of the Century, people find the park as a chance to relax, recover in a physical, moral and spiritual way. In this context, Marx highlights the sentimentality of pastoralism referring to the range of emotions experienced by the first explorers of the New World. The newcomers saw America as a lush paradise which they wanted to preserve. While the history evolved, certain changes gradually shaped the life of society. The emergence of manufacturing facilities and technologies advancements caused the growth of cities and towns that became the industrial centers. Along with the exploration of the continent, it contributed towards massive exploitation of resources. Thus, the Machine and the Garden constitute precise metaphors for industrialism movement and general pastoral landscape of America. Consequently, according to Marx, Coney Island represents an attempt to mask the real problems of the industrial civilization. If take i nto account the contradictions of industrial values, technological progress tends to use the machines as an effective instrument which, unfortunately, affects the pastoral ideal, making a solid and irreversible contribution to its destruction. Nevertheless, Coney Island in the capacity of the pastoral ideal reflects the crucial changes of those times that shaped the contemporary industrial society of the United States.

Commonly Confused Word Pairs in English

Commonly Confused Word Pairs in English Here, from our Glossary of Commonly Confused Words, are 20 tricky word pairs that look and sound alike but have different meanings. (For examples and practice exercises, click on the highlighted words.) Advice and AdviseThe noun advice means guidance. The verb advise means to recommend or counsel.All Together and AltogetherThe phrase all together refers to people or things gathered in one place. The adverb altogether means entirely or wholly.Baited and BatedA hook, witness, or animal is baited (lured, enticed, tempted). Breath is bated (moderated).Cite and SiteThe verb cite means to mention or quote as an authority or example. The noun site means a particular place.Complement and ComplimentComplement means something that completes or brings to perfection. A compliment is an expression of praise.Discreet and DiscreteThe adjective discreet means tactful or prudent self-restraint. Discrete means distinct or separate.Eminent and ImminentThe adjective eminent means prominent or outstanding. Imminent means impending, about to occur.Flair and FlareThe noun flair means a talent or a distinctive quality or style. As a noun, flare means a fire or a blazing light. Similarly, the verb flare mea ns to burn with an unsteady flame or shine with a sudden light. Violence, troubles, tempers, and nostrils can flare. Formally and FormerlyThe adverb formally means in a formal way. The adverb formerly means at an earlier time.Hardy and HeartyThe adjective hardy (related to hard) means daring, courageous, and capable of surviving difficult conditions. The adjective hearty (related to heart) means showing warm and heartfelt affection or providing abundant nourishment.Ingenious and IngenuousThe adjective ingenious means extremely clevermarked by inventive skill and imagination. Ingenuous means straightforward, candid, without guile.Lightening and LightningThe noun lightening means making lighter in weight or changing to a lighter or brighter color. Lightning is the flash of light that accompanies thunder.Mantel and MantleThe noun mantel refers to a shelf above a fireplace. The noun mantle refers to a cloak or (usually figuratively) to royal robes of state as a symbol of authority or responsibility.Moot and MuteThe adjective moot refers to something that is debatable or of no practical importance. The adjective mute means unspoken or unable to speak. Prescribe and ProscribeThe verb prescribe means to establish, direct, or lay down as a rule. The verb proscribe means to ban, forbid, or condemn.Rational and RationaleThe adjective rational means having or exercising the ability to reason. The noun rationale refers to an explanation or basic reason.Shear and SheerThe verb shear means to cut or clip. Likewise, the noun shear refers to the act, process, or fact of cutting or clipping. The adjective sheer means fine, transparent, or complete. As an adverb, sheer means completely or altogether.Stationary and StationeryThe adjective stationary means remaining in one place. The noun stationery refers to writing materials. (Try associating the er in stationery with the er in letter and paper.)Track and TractAs a noun, track refers to a path, route, or course. The verb track means to travel, pursue, or follow. The noun tract refers to an expanse of land or water, a system of organs and tissues in the body, or a pamphlet containing a declarat ion or appeal. Whose and WhosWhose is the possessive form of who. Whos is the contraction of who is.

Marketing Term Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Marketing Term - Research Paper Example Through engaging the consumer in a dialogue that promotes community and goodwill, there was no advertising campaigns until 2004, the company depending on word of mouth to promote its interests and gain a following. That following measures more than 4 million members, worldwide (Bloomberg). The marketing that has been engaged since 2004 has seen some turmoil with the perceived competitor, Weight Watchers, being directly confronted in a campaign, but the adversary fought back with a court injunction which ended that campaign. However, it might be concluded that Curves gained better publicity as being put in a position as a threat to Weight Watchers, so much so that they were directly confronted through legal action to shut down their advertising. This is a wise strategy, however, the company may soon face the same problems that Weight Watchers faces, which is as their targeted demographic ages out and the rising younger set sees them as a dinosaur of their mother’s age, combatin g a dated image will create an issue. Weight Watchers has confronted their problems through advertising that mimics the Jenny Craig advertising, using celebrities to promote their success through publicly visible weight loss on their programs. However, where Jenny Craig has used a middle aged set of celebrities, Weight Watchers used Jennifer Hudson to kick off their campaign, a decidedly younger star. This leaves curves facing the same problems as Weight Watchers in that through promoting a socialized setting, the age group becomes relevant to the attraction to the program. The following assessment will discuss the current and past methods of marketing that have been introduced for Curves. The background of the company will be given an overview in order to provide context in understanding the nature of the current standing of the company. An analysis of the marketing strategies and their results will be assessed for the successes and failures that have been experienced. A SWOT analy sis will then be conducted in order to provide an overview of the nature of the company in regard to how it will impact a marketing plan. The SWOT analysis will be addressed for the ways in which it can be utilized to address the future of the company. Finally, a summary of the marketing direction of Curves will be made with recommendations for addressing weaknesses and threats through exploiting the strengths and opportunities that are present. Background Curves International Fitness for Women has franchises in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Europe, Australia and Asia. The company has well over 6000 stores, with the rate of their expansion earning them a title in the Guinness Book of World Records (Heavin and Colman 2). The first store was opened in Harlingen, Texas, with the first franchise opening Paris, Texas in 1995 with all stores now being a franchised venue (Curves International Fitness for Women). The company was opened in 1992, and by 2003 had expanded to the 6000 stor e mark, placing them in the record book. Hoovers lists more than 10,000 company stores are in existence to date. Gary and Diane Heavin opened the stores with a specific demographic in mind. Gary Heavin had ten years of experience in the fitness industry before designing this model with a specific target demographic (Funding Universe). The intention was to address the needs of women through nutrition and efficient exercise that kept the sessions short, thus providing an easy

Critique of a Political Speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

Critique of a Political Speech - Essay Example On the 4th of November 2008, Senator Barack Obama spoke at the rally in Grant Park in his hometown, Chicago, Illinois, after winning the competition for the seat of the President of America. After his victory, the first black president of the United States gave a speech before an enthusiastic audience of 240,000. This speech was marked as one of the most awaited, watched, and reviewed political address in history. Obama’s voice echoed in the world, his slogan of change and his strong political campaign were praised. He mentioned the fundamental issues faced by the United States and the rest of the world. He also mentioned about his late grandmother who died just two nights before this date. The speech referenced some of the influential leaders of the US history. Words and thoughts of John F.Kennedy, Abraham Lincoln, and Martin Luther King were discussed. The voice of Martin Luther King’s â€Å"I Have A Dream† was revived. There were echoes in favor of democratic principle, Abraham Lincoln’s â€Å"a government of the people, by the people and for the people† were heard in President Obama’s manner. The speech granted a deep sense of hope despite of adverse circumstances, an optimistic approach in hard times of tough goals. President Obama also directly quoted Abraham Lincoln’s first inaugural address in these words:† As Lincoln said to a nation far more divided than ours, we are not enemies but friends. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection." Indeed, history was made on Tuesday, November 4, 2008. The impact of the elections result and the speech was tremendous; the sense of joy was carved on the faces of millions listening to the speech. Long term impacts of the slogan â€Å"YES WE CAN† and Obama’s speech were written in journals and newspapers throughout the globe (Saldin). The performance of

Human Resource Case Study Essay Example for Free

Human Resource Case Study Essay 1. I think his request is reasonable. Nancy should have the time to address Mark’s request to develop an appropriate structure to deal with the growth of both companies. She will be able to present the possible strategies to overcome a shortage of employees. As well, she can discuss reasons why Family Distribution has experienced such a drastic fallout of staff over the past two years. Another topic she should have time to research are the complaints about the hiring practices at Family Manufacturing, whether they have genuine merit, and if so, what can be done to correct the situation. She should also be able to address the concerns of the vice president’s of both companies. . 2. I would not recommend one comprehensive plan for both companies because they are both experiencing different challenges that require separate action plans. Family Medical Distribution is making far less profit than it did at its peak in 1989 and has had to evolve into a specialty distributor of high end supplies just to stay afloat. Family Medical Manufacturing, on the other hand, is continuously exceeding its growth and profit projections yearly. They have the potential to grow the company even further but do not currently have the human resources to do so. . 3. Sam is a person who has been with the company for quite a long time. He has served in various positions and moved his way up the ranks, so he would have a good understanding about how the business is run. I think that Nancy should befriend him to understand his point of view and unique insights on how the company has evolved over time. . I think that Sam understands that a plan needs to be implemented to turn the company around. He has spent time and resources trying to evaluate his marketing department, sales, and operations. He’s even expressed that the staff need to work â€Å"smarter† not â€Å"harder†, but has given no specific direction on what could be done to make this a reality. His skepticism towards the value of HR seems to be based on the results of a department that has been running without a manager for the past 13 months. Even though the HR associate, Claire Jackson, has done a great job trying to keep things afloat, she simply does not have the time or expertise to run the entire department by herself. His judgment of the results is fair in the sense that HR is not particularly useful in its current incarnation, but he doesnt seem to have the insight to understand how much it could accomplish if it were running smoothly with competent leadership. . Nancy should explain to Sam that the best way to make the company more efficient and to work â€Å"smarter† is by appreciating how important a structured, secure working environment is to people. In order to make the company more profitable, she needs to convince him that the most important thing to do right now is to sort out how best to utilize people to achieve quality performance while at the same time promoting a business plan that will encourage growth. . 4. One glaring challenge is that there are four past complaints about hiring practices. Trust among the employees for the hiring process has been diminished, and the damage has already been done. Even though Mark Olsen seems to understand the importance of a strategic HR program, he has made some critical mistakes and shown a lapse in judgment in three ways. . Firstly, he has shown a bias in hiring people from his former employer in all cases of formal complaints made against the company. It is doubtful that the interview and selection process for these positions was done in a fair, unbiased manner. . Secondly, he has ignored the resources he already had at his disposal by hiring employees externally. In all formal complaints the employees had the education and training do the job they were applying for. Most people want a sense of purpose and accomplishment from their careers, and ignoring that basic desire will only create discontent among the workforce. . Finally, he disregarded and disrespected the entire hiring process by promising a position to someone before the opening had even been posted. In my opinion, this type of favoritism is one of the fastest ways to demoralize people. . At the upcoming meeting for Nancy’s presentation of her human resource plans, she needs to address these mistakes and explain to Mark how important it is to follow procedure, respect the hiring process, and moreover to respect his own employees. . 2. When Nancy present’s her plan, she needs to explain the different challenges that both companies are dealing with. There are pressures and opportunities to be found in both cases. Family Medical Distribution is a well respected company but has undergone significant downsizing due to government cutbacks. The opportunity here is to create an efficient supplementary business that will complement its manufacturing counterpart. Family Medical Manufacturing has plenty of room to grow, but not enough qualified personnel to help develop its upcoming products. . Next, she should state what goals of the company are to get clear about where they want to be in a five year time frame and what it will take to get there. Mark has said that his goal is to enter the home nursing market, so the plan needs to account for what needs to be done to achieve this goal from a HR perspective. . I think the most important issue that both companies need help with is in utilizing the talents and skills of their workforce in a way that compliments the needs of both divisions. The best solution is to consider both companies as one working unit from a HR standpoint. The deficiencies in staffing at Manufacturing could feasibly be satisfied by transferring the appropriate staff from Distribution. This would be an elegant way of taking care of the staffing needs of both companies while at the same time improving employee relations with upper management, an important first step in regaining a sense of trust and security. Nancy should also suggest that some of the money and employee benefits invested in Manufacturing’s new facility be put into effect at Distribution’s plant. It’s important to show genuine equality to employees and this would help to impart the understanding that both businesses are important for continued success.

Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia are Murder Essay -- Euthanas

Euthanasia is Murder      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On June 4, 1990, Janet Adkins committed suicide. She killed herself under the supervision of a man named Jack Kevorkian. Again and again, Kevorkian set up machines and killed patients that were supposedly terminally ill. He escaped punishment for years, but on March 26, 1999, Kevorkian was incarcerated for second-degree murder. (Online,99) He had developed many friends and many enemies. One of his followers was a woman who had developed coronary artery disease. Her name was Donna White. She thought about suicide often, especially when her pain was incredibly intense. Help found her before euthanasia did. A hospice care facility heard about her plot to commit suicide, and they found help for her. They provided therapy for her suicidal thoughts and severe depression, and they also provided her with the medication to keep her pain free. She no longer follows Kevorkian's ideals and is against him instead. (Shapiro and Bowermaster, 94) Over 52 patients were killed in "Dr. " Kevorkian's presence. (Online, 99) What if they could have found the help that they needed?    Euthanasia is ending one's life if one has a terminal disease is an incurable condition, and is done by a lethal injection. Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide began in ancient Rome and Greece. They believed that it was okay in certain situations to allow a person to die or to help a person die. This was often the case with the elderly in these cultures. Certain religions are against euthanasia. The Christian, Jew, and Islamic religions all cling to the fact that life is sacred and should not be taken away. In some cultures, helping someone to die is the same thing as homicide, and is treated so in a court of law. (Encarta, 98)    .. ...ailable: http://www.angelfire.com/al/jefspage/index3.html Barnett, Erin Hoover. "Is Mom Capable of Choosing to Die?". 1999. [Online]. The Oregonian. Date of Download: November 15, 1999. Available: http://www.oregonlive.com/news/99/10/st101719.html Cassel, Eric J. "Euthanasia". Grolier Interactive Inc.. 1998 Euthanasia. Gould, Jonathan and Craigmyle, Lord. Your Death Warrant?. New York: Arlington House, 1971. Mattos, Jennifer and Sachs, Andrea. "Defining the Right to Die". Time. April 15, 1996. Pg. 82 Rosenbaum, Stuart E. and Baird, Robert M. "Euthanasia: The Moral Issues". 1989. Opposing Viewpoints. New York: Prometheus Books. Shapiro, Joseph P. and Bowermaster, David. "Death on Trial". U.S. News and World Report. April 25, 1994. Pp. 31-39. Shapiro, Joseph P. "Expanding a right to die". U.S. News and World Report. April 15, 1996. Pg. 63.

Number of People Killed Was the Most Significant Aspect of World War I Essay

The number of people killed was the most significant aspect of World War I. To what extent do you agree? It’s 1914 and Gavrilo Princip has just shot the heir to the Austrian throne and his wife. As he fired the bullet, little did he know that he was about to start one of the bloodiest and most tragic wars the world had ever seen. World War I was, for most people, the most horrific event of their lives. There were over 35 million casualties, a war second only to World War II. No other war had changed the map of Europe so dramatically. Four empires disappeared: the German, Austrian-Hungarian, Ottoman, and Russian. Four dynasties all fell after the war: the Hohenzollerns, the Habsburgs, the Romanovs, and the Ottomans. Belgium and Serbia were badly damaged, as was France. Germany and Russia were similarly affected. Some may argue that the number of people killed was the most devastating and tragic aspect of the First World War, that the soldiers were a ‘lost generationâ€⠄¢. Others argue, however, that other aspects come into play. Economic crashes, for example, crippled many countries, almost destroying Germany. Significance can be judged in different ways. It can be judged by the number of people affected at the time, or later on in the form of remembrance. It can also be judged by the duration of the effect or the severity. Occasionally, unexpectedness is taken into account. Of the 60 million European soldiers who were mobilised from 1914 to 1918, 8 million were killed, 7 million were permanently disabled, and 15 million were seriously injured. Over 11 million civilians died from a result of direct military action (i.e. military deaths and bombing) with a further 6 million dead due to famine, disease and accidents. Overall, 1.75% of the world’s population were killed in the war. The people at home were hammered by telegrams of deaths and occasionally, were bombed. Wilfred Owen, a famous poet, wrote in ‘Anthem for Doomed Youth’, ‘and each slow dusk a drawing-down of blinds’, which denoted that every day someone in the neighbourhood would die. The deaths were also devastating in the fact that for the next 20 years, some women would not be able to get married because of the lack of men. Germany lost 15.1% of its male population; Austria–Hungary lost 17.1%, and France 10.5%. Economic crashes did alarming damage to some countries that played a heavy part in the war and most that lost it. France, which was where most of the war was fought, was in ruins and it took billions of dollars for the government to rebuild the country. All of the Central Powers were heavily affected by reparations caused by numerous treaties, the most notable being: The Treaty of Versailles, The Treaty of St. Germain, The Treaty of Neuilly, The Treaty of Tri anon and The Treaty of Sà ¨vres. Germany had to pay the Allies approximately  £6.6 billion – an enormous sum of money, which, if the terms of the treaty had not been changed by the Young Plan in 1929, would have taken the German government until 1984 to pay. Germany also had problems with starvation, unemployment and general unrest which took a lot of money to fix. Austria also suffered huge economic problems and would have also faced reparations if it weren’t for the fact that it went bankrupt before they could be set. Bulgaria did well compared to Germany, Austria and Hungary. However, it still had to pay  £100 million in reparations. Bulgaria had played a small part in the war and was treated less harshly compared to other major powers. Hungary was also due to pay reparations but its economy was so weak that it never did. The destruction of empires and creation of countries had a resounding effect on some major powers. For example, Germany’s overseas empire was taken away as it had been one of the causes of bad relations between Britain and Germany. Former colonies were taken by the League of Nations, which effectively meant that Britain and France controlled them. Parts of Germany were given to France, Poland and Denmark, and Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Saarland were all created from parts of Germany. Austria and Hungary also lost important land. Formerly controlled by Austrian forces, the states of Bohemia and Moravia were merged to create the new state of Czechoslovakia; Bosnia, Herzegovina and Croatia became Yugoslavia, which also contained the former kingdom of Serbia. Previously Hungary -controlled, Transylvania became part of Romania, whilst Slovakia and Ruthenia went to Czechoslovakia, and Slovenia and Croatia became the northern part of Yugoslavia. Bulgaria lost lands to Greece, Romania and Yugoslavia and its access to the Mediterranean. The number of people killed was clearly significant because it affected millions of people and their families. It is remembered in most countries that were involved in the war in the form of Remembrance Day. However, whenever you go into a war, deaths are to be expected. Economic crashes were devastating for countries like Germany or France in the short term. Nevertheless, after about 30 years, most countries recovered. The destruction of empires was clearly damaging. 4 or 5 empires were never to be seen again, whilst most empires, except Britain and France, were severely crippled. Overall, I think that, whilst the number of people killed had amazingly tragic effects, the reparations given to the losing powers were even more significant.

Effects of Music on Human Behavior

As music has changed through out the years, artists have become much more lax with the message that they send to the public. As laws of censorship change, a separation of the public’s freedom of speech and the medias has become very significant. As the government cracks down, many artists fight to keep their freedom. With people blaming their actions on the lyrics of the music they are exposed to, this is going to be a hard feat for the artists to accomplish. Although the fight of the musical artists against the government has been going on for the past 20 years, it has become even more emanate now. Are the actions of people to be blamed on the music? What effect does music have on the social behavior? Should these effects make harder censorship laws, or is music protected by the Bill of Rights? Music has become a large part of everyone’s life. Preservation of music is very important to the preservation of the american culture so these problems cannot be ignored. The most misunderstood music is Rap. Children as well as teenagers have a hard time interpreting emotions in music (Weinberger). This misunderstanding is most relevant in rap music, because it is harder for children to relate to the artist. In cases like these, apparent or older sibling has to explain the message to the child (Weinberger). In particular, â€Å"gangsta rap† is distinguished by lyrics that often involve references to street gangs, gunplay, sex, drug use and violence, and has been accused of extolling violent behavior. Studies have found that exposure to rap music â€Å"tends to lead to a higher degree of acceptance of the use of violence. † In addition, several major rap artists have been charged with violent crimes in real life, and many worry that their actions seemingly condone the violent messages in their music. Their celebrity status also serves to glamorize their violent behavior (Mediascope). Although there is violence, sex, and drug reference in modern rock music, most have a much deeper message about life. It has been resolved that rock music has had more influence on older adolesencents then their parents do (Weinberger). Rock music is much easier for teenagers to relate to with all of their pressures and problems. â€Å"Kids who listen to Heavy Metal and Rap tend not to do as well in school, or it maybe that troubled students are drawn to these types of music† (Weinberger 99) The most rebellious music is Punk. Punk spreads the true ideas of the modern teenager through the media. â€Å"When parents look at Punk music they see everything that is wrong with their children just as their parents did† (Robertson). Parents should pay more attention to the music that their children listen to. They must also censor the music (American Acad†¦). Even with all of the violence, sex, and drug references in music, there are many benefits. Listening to music keeps the brain in shape. Listening involves learning, memory, and emotions (Ezarik). Studies of the Mozart Effect have shown that listening to music can make babies more creative, smarter, healthier, and happier (Ezarik). Some doctors in ancient Greece even believed that music was just as important as medication in treating patients (Gregory). Other studies of music, faster music tends to make people work faster where as music with long, gentle notes tend to relax (Gregory). The effects of music psychology can be seen in stores in our own community. Many play background music in order to get shoppers to stay in the store (Gregory). Music is important in adolescent lives: teenagers spend between four and five hours a day listening to music and watching music videos and name music listening as their preferred non-school activity. It is not surprising that government officials, researchers and parents alike are concerned about the impact of music on teenagers. Disturbed by the amount of violence portrayed in modern music, adults worry that these messages are contributing to the rise in violence among kids. Forty-eight percent (48%) of Americans say that violence in popular music should be more heavily regulated and 59% would ike to restrict violence in music. (Mediascope) The effects of stimulating and sedating music were determined for heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure of premature infants in an intensive care nursery. The results indicate that the calming and stabilizing effect of sedating music might help to reduce the use of sedative drugs in infants on ventilators and reduce the incidence of respiratory problems (Journal of Mus†¦). The basic rights of freedom of speech are outlined in the Bill of Rights. Do these rights also cover the freedom of speech in music? Music is a form of media and should be censored, just as movies and television (American Acad†¦). Many performers do see themselves as large role models, but they also believe that parents should take action. â€Å"How much damage can I do with a pen? † (Eminem, Rap Artist) When parents are not around, who are children supposed to look up too? (American Acad†¦) There is really no way that parents can regulate all of the music that their children listen to, but it is a start for parents just to find out what kind of music their children are exposed to (American Acad†¦). Even with these changes many bands have not received the message to clean up or get out (Gregory). How far should the government go in their intervention? Keeping records that should not be open to the public off the shelves, taking away publishing rights from some artists that go to far with their music is up to the public to decide. Many parents look at the music that their children listen to and do not even consider it music, but porn. With all the reference to sex not only in the music, but also in the music videos shown on television. Although the government has made a lot of threats to try to intimidate the music industry; many parents believe that these threats should be carried out in order to end the violence (American Acad†¦). â€Å"Music may contribute to the atmosphere of violence that some argue is generated by popular media. Critics claim that music negatively affects teenagers by repeatedly exposing them to themes such as Satanism, substance abuse, murder, suicide and sexual violence, which may be heavily reinforced and normalized by the frequency of their portrayal. Heavy metal and rap music are especially criticized for lyrics that many believe glorify violence. Music lyrics have also become increasingly explicit in the past two decades. Songs commonly make graphic references to sex, drugs and violence, whereas such sensitive topics were cleverly veiled in the past. †(Mediascope) The public, and parents, should be aware of sexually explicit, drug oriented, or violent lyrics on compact discs, tapes, music videos, and the Internet. The music industry should develop and apply a system of specific content-labeling of music regarding violence, sex, drugs, or offensive lyrics. If labeling is not done voluntarily by the music industry, then regulation should be developed to make it mandatory (American Acad†¦). â€Å"Forty-seven percent (47%) of mothers with children in public schools believe that violent messages in rap music contribute â€Å"a great deal† to school violence, and 66% of 13- to 17-year-olds believe violence in music is partly responsible for violent crimes like the 1999 Columbine High School shootings. However, no studies have documented a cause-and-effect relationship between violent or sexually explicit lyrics and adverse behavioral effects. Studies show that the preference for heavy metal music may be a significant indicator for alienation, substance abuse, psychiatric disorders, suicide risks, sex-role stereotyping, or risk-taking behaviors during adolescence, but music is not the cause of these behaviors. It is hypothesized that teenagers already struggling with those issues may be attracted to heavy metal music, because the lyrics express their own troubled feelings. (Mediascope) The music video industry should be encouraged to produce videos and public service messages with positive themes about relationships, racial harmony, drug avoidance, nonviolence and conflict, pregnancy prevention, and avoidance of sexually transmitted diseases (American Acad†¦). â€Å"Music Television (MTV) redefined music for future generations by creating music videos, and the unique fusion between rock music and visual images continues to be a hit. A 1996 study revealed that boys and irls ages 12 to 19 watch MTV for an average of 6. 6 and 6. 2 hours each week, respectively. But despite music videos' popularity among adolescents, many adults criticize the medium as studies show that music videos often contain violence, sexism, suicide and substance abuse. A 1998-1999 study revealed that music videos were more violent than feature films and television, averaging four violent scenes each, and a 1997 study reported that 22. 4% of MTV videos contained overt violence and 25% depicted weapon carrying. (Mediascope) Pediatricians should counsel parents to become media-literate. This means watching television with their children and teenagers, discussing the content with them, and initiating the process of selective viewing at an early age (American Acad†¦). What actions has the government taken to get the ball rolling on these problems many people are wondering? The government has set up a rating system for music. As with movies, it is separated into age groups that are mature enough to listen to the content of the album. The government has also required a label to be placed on albums with explicit content. The label simply states â€Å"Parental Advisory Explicit Content† (VH1, 100 most†¦). Although the government has taken a few steps, there is much more that could be done. As for the laws that are involved none are truly enforced out of fear of a lawsuit, or problems involving the loss of support to pass these laws by the music industry and the artists. As ideas and times change in the world, the message in music will also change. Looking back in the past few years the change in music has been very substantial, with the introduction of new music such as techno. Music may be stepping away form violence by itself. If music does take this step away, all by itself, there may be no reason for the government to intervene with censorship. There is no reason why people should be able to get away with their actions because of listening to music. Music may have a substantial effect on many people, but everyone knows the difference between right and wrong, fact and fiction.

File Sharing essays

File Sharing essays Dont take something that doesnt belong to you. A common sentence many parents tell their children as theyre growing up. At that young age, usually the punishment was a timeout or something taken away. Yet we grow older, and thus the punishment is worse. Its now called stealing, and as they say, you do the crime, you pay the time. Stealing by law is illegal, so then I ask, well if thats the case, why do we have such a thing as file sharing. WWW..the first three letters on a website. The world wide web, and truly it is, the worldwide web. File sharing has most likely been around since the internet was, but back then it wasnt seen as too much of a threat, for only a few knew about it. Today though, millions turn on the computer and file share. So you ask, well how do we stop this. But to respond, I say, there is no way to stop it..all efforts are a waste of time and money, for the more you try to stop it, the more people will find a way against it. ****In the past year or so, the RIAA has tried to file lawsuits against those who illegally trade files on the internet. Though this may be true, why do we still have as many file shares out there today. According to the RIAA some 61 million people in just the US regularly share music online. In general the P2P (peer to peer) activity has not diminished. P2p traffic is likely to stay around and grow in the future. While the RIAA tries to stop this activity with its numerous lawsuits, one has to ask the question, how can they fairly sue people for their activities, and is their a way to guarantee all violators are prosecuted? Well no, there isnt. It will always be an unfair business, those trying to sue against file sharers. There is no way to guarantee the fairness of this. Too many people file share and will continue to file share. As long as there is internet service, we will have filesharing. *****Many say that money is lost in the music indus...

Cmo Retirar la Peticin de Green Card a Familiar

Cmo Retirar la Peticin de Green Card a Familiar Los ciudadanos y los residentes permanentes pueden retirar la peticià ³n de una tarjeta de residencia, tambià ©n conocida por green card, que presentaron para un familiar. En este artà ­culo se explica quià ©nes pueden retirar dicha peticià ³n, cà ³mo se hace y las condiciones especiales que aplican a la green card por matrimonio y porquà © es importante cancelarla a tiempo en algunos casos y no seguir con la tramitacià ³n hasta el final. Quià ©n Puede Retirar la Peticià ³n de Permiso de Residencia para Familiar Puede solicitar la cancelacià ³n de la peticià ³n de permiso de residencia la persona que inicià ³ el proceso de pedir aun  familiar mediante la presentacià ³n del documento que se conoce I-130. Segà ºn las leyes migratorias de Estados Unidos sà ³lo pueden patrocinar una green card por parentesco: Los ciudadanos americanos, para: Esposos/as. Esto aplica tanto a los enlaces entre un hombre y una mujer como a los matrimonios entre personas del mismo sexo.Hijos/as. Establecià ©ndose tres categorà ­as segà ºn la edad y/o el estado civil de a persona pedida.Hermanos y padres, cuando el solicitante tenga al menos 21 aà ±os de edad. Los residentes permanentes legales para: El marido o la mujer.Hijos solteros, si bien hay dos categorà ­as dependiendo de la edad. Cà ³mo se Solicita la Cancelacià ³n de la Peticià ³n para la Tarjeta de Residencia Escribir una carta en inglà ©s al USCIS en la que se indique: El nombre del solicitante de los papeles para un familiar y su direccià ³n en Estados Unidos.El nombre completo de la persona beneficiada para la que se solicitaron los papeles, indicando tambià ©n su fecha y paà ­s de nacimiento.La fecha en la que la peticià ³n fue admitida a trmite por el USCIS (filed). Eso est en la carta en la que se recibe confirmacià ³n del recibo del papeleo.Una breve descripcià ³n de la razà ³n por la que se cancela la solicitud. La direccià ³n a la que hay que enviar la carta es la de la oficina de inmigracià ³n a la que se envià ³ la peticià ³n de los papeles para el familiar. Hasta Cundo se Puede Cancelar la Peticià ³n Como regla general, si el beneficiario de la peticià ³n est en Estados Unidos, se puede retirar la peticià ³n en cualquier momento antes de que se apruebe  el ajuste de estatus. Si el familiar que va a recibir el permiso de residencia est en otro paà ­s, se puede pedir la retirada hasta justo antes de que el beneficiario entre por primera vez en Estados Unidos como residente. Es decir, incluso despuà ©s de la entrevista en el consulado pero antes de que el oficial migratorio en una frontera de los Estados Unidos estampe el pasaporte del beneficiado, que se convierte asà ­ en residente permanente. En estos casos en los que el familiar est en otro paà ­s y el proceso de peticià ³n est avanzado y ya en và ­as de pasar a trmites consulares puede ser recomendable enviar al Centro Nacional de Visas, NVC por sus siglas en inglà ©s, o al  consulado americano competente una copia de la carta enviada al USCIS en la que se abandona la peticià ³n de permiso de residencia. El Caso Excepcional de los Matrimonios con Ciudadanos Americanos La forma ms rpida de conseguir la green card es por matrimonio con un ciudadano americano. Pero estas tarjetas de residencia pueden tener  una particularidad: son temporales por dos aà ±os antes de convertirse en permanentes cuando la residencia se recibe antes de cumplirse dos aà ±os de casados. En estos casos el ciudadano americano puede cancelar la peticià ³n del cà ³nyuge extranjero no sà ³lo hasta el momento en el que à ©ste gana la green card del modo seà ±alado anteriormente. Sino que tambià ©n puede impedir que el esposo inmigrante pueda cambiar su estatus de titular de green card temporal a permanente. Es suficiente si a  los dos aà ±os se niega a firmar conjuntamente la peticià ³n de remocià ³n o levantamiento de la condicionalidad. En estos casos el cà ³nyuge extranjero pierde la tarjeta de residencia y es muy posible que deba abandonar Estados Unidos. Los à ºnicos casos en los que se permite que el ciudadano americano no firme la remocià ³n de la condicionalidad y el marido o la mujer extranjero se conviertan en residentes permanentes son: Fallecimiento del solicitante ciudadano americano.Divorcio, en el que la parte extrajera pueda demostrar que su matrimonio fue de buena fe.Malos tratos sufridos por el cà ³nyuge extranjero en base al programa VAWA.Situacià ³n extrema, como violencia en el paà ­s de origen del cà ³nyuge extranjero o enfermedad del mismo. Una vez que el Familiar Extranjero se Convierte en Residente Permanente,  ¿Puede el Patrocinador Pedir una Cancelacià ³n de la Tarjeta de Residencia? En principio no, a menos que se pueda probar documentalmente o con otra clase de evidencia que ha habido fraude o situacià ³n similar. Es relativamente comà ºn en los casos de peticiones por matrimonio que cuando las cosas van mal haya acusaciones y reproches mutuos y que el patrocinador se pregunte si puede quitarle la green card al esposo o a la mujer con la que ahora se lleva mal. Pero hay que entender que el desamor y las peleas conyugales no son prueba de que el cà ³nyuge extranjero se hubiera casado sà ³lo por los papeles, con engaà ±o y calculadamente. Antes de hacer una acusacià ³n de que un matrimonio ha sido falso hay que ser honestos consigo mismo y pensar si uno tiene realmente pruebas o simplemente se est dolido o se tienen celos. A Tener en Cuenta por Sus Consecuencias Graves Si una persona cancela la peticià ³n de un familiar, si despuà ©s se arrepiente y desea volver a instaurarla debe darse cuenta de que debe empezar el proceso desde el comienzo, rellenar de nuevo todos los papeles y pagar los aranceles correspondientes. Adems, hay que tener en cuenta que si no son buenas las relaciones familiares entre la persona que pide los papeles y la beneficiada por la green card puede haber problemas de carcter econà ³mico que hay que tener en cuenta. Y es que a lo largo de la tramitacià ³n de un familiar uno de los papeles que se firma es lo que se conoce como affidavit of support o declaracià ³n de mantenimiento. Los deberes que se tienen al firmar este contrato duran 10 aà ±os, en la mayorà ­a de los casos. Y no importa que solicitante y beneficiado no se hablan o, en el caso de matrimonio, que se haya producido un divorcio. Por todo ello se recomienda tomar este test de respuestas mà ºltiples que sirve para aclarar importantes dudas sobre la green card. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

MCH Programs and Policies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MCH Programs and Policies - Assignment Example y contraceptives were safe for use and a litigation by over 60 women and medical groups’ in 2001 forced FDA to approve emergency contraceptives for use over-the-counter for all women. Thereafter, various state government established laws that allowed sale of emergency contraceptives without a doctor’s prescription but in 2011, the Obama administration restricted access to those under 17 years (Center for Reproductive Rights, 2015). The policy has improved economic welfare of many women. They are not inconvenienced by unwanted pregnancies, although it has not reduced the risk of acquiring sexual infections. Religious groups believe plan B causes abortion while but researchers prove it prevents implantation. Emergency contraceptives have reduced agony and suffering from women who previously had to seek abortion services after unprotected sex. College girls no longer drop out of school due to unwanted pregnancy inconveniences (Glasier & Baird, 1998). Drug manufacturers, women rights group, FDA and religious groups have vested interests the bill. Drug manufactures, would want it approved for use by all without restrictions. Women groups find it a right violation and medical groups such as pediatric associations believe that it important because it reduces the cost of unwanted pregnancies and the risk of complications during delivery and late abortions. Religious groups find it immoral. The FDA and government find that people are likely to abuse the drugs (Culp-Ressler, 2013; Faà ºndes, Tavara, Brache, & Alvarez, 2007). Culp-Ressler, T. (2013). Judge Rules Emergency Contraception Should Be Available To All Women Over The Counter. Retrieved from http://thinkprogress.org/health/2013/04/05/1826411/judge-plan-b-over-counter/ Faà ºndes, A., Tavara, L., Brache, V., & Alvarez, F. (2007). Emergency contraception under attack in Latin America: response of the medical establishment and civil society. Reproductive Health Matters, 15(29),

Unit 4 PP Mini Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 4 PP Mini - Coursework Example Accidents during the erection of the tent, destruction of property during the party, fighting and other violent acts, breaking of bottles and glasses, and cuts resulting from the acts are some of the risks identified. Accidents during the preparation of the tent, cuts, and an arising medical condition require an articulate risk management strategy. While caution and guidance is required, the occurrence of such issues demands immediate first aid. As such, first aid kits and an efficient first aid individual or staff is essential for the alleviation of the possible detrimental effects that can arise. The team need to be alert and available throughout the process. Therefore, it should be a member of the planning team (Royer, 2013). In addition, violent acts and unruly behaviour, destruction of property, breaking of glasses and other acts are risks that need prioritization. These acts would most likely result from young adults enchanted by the prohibited. Such acts can be curbed by availing a security personnel during the event.The security personnel will be well equipped to ascertain minimal disruptive, with certainty of no serious effects. For instance, while it may be impossible to prevent unexpected behaviour, the personnel will ensure that such actions will not get out of hand to cause harm or destruction (Royer, 2013). The prioritization of the risks will lead to certainty in the implementation of the risk management plan. However, proper financing is critical to the success. As such, there will be need to ensure that the $500 budget will meet all the specifics of the party and stand efficiently for the risk management

Industry Paper-Exploring organaizational development and strategies Essay

Industry Paper-Exploring organaizational development and strategies - Essay Example With the advent of time, the vacuum cleaner industry has undergone drastic changes. The globalization of the markets, rapid developments in the technologies, easy access to cost-effective manufacturing destinations and growing concern for eco-friendly products and services have stressed the need of modifying the organizational structures and strategies (European Commission, 2009). The vacuum cleaners are supplied in accordance to the demands of the customers, government, society and environment so that every stakeholder can get benefitted. All the key players of the vacuum cleaner industry such as Dyson, Dirt Devil, Electrolux, Kirby, Hoover, Vax, Black & Decker, Miele, Oreck and many more have same organizational structures and strategies. However, they differ in terms of their competency level and product differentiation strategy. The early form of vacuum cleaners was the self-contained ones which were the foremost and sole suction machines. These first machines were introduced and invented in Europe by Hubert Booth in early period of 1900s and his company’s name was Goblin. Next, the upright vacuum cleaners were created which had a revolving brush for loosening the debris. These appliances were conceived by James Murray Spangler and a few years later were introduced in US by Hoover. The early entrants of the vacuum cleaner market in UK were Electrolux in 1908, followed by Vorwerk in 1929 and Miele in 1931 (European Commission, 2009). During the period of 1960s, the concept of professional carpet cleaning was inaugurated. This latest trend was refined by Alan Brazier under the brand Van in 1980s. This was the turning point in the European vacuum cleaner industry as Vax Ltd. took over more than half of the UK market by the end of 1980s. Hoover and Bissell launched the extractors or upright carpet washers in Europe and US in the early years of twenty-first century. In 1911,

Market and company overview of pret a manger

Market and company overview of pret a manger Prà ªt a Manger established in 1986 by two college friends Sinclair Beecham and Julian Metcalfe (who also is the founder of Itsu sushi bar/restaurant). It is a UK based sandwich retailer, which now is an international business (Prà ªt). They named the company Prà ªt a Manger, which in French means ready to eat (see Appendix 1.0) Rix (2004) states, a product is a set of tangible attributes in an identifiable form and he adds, each product is identified by a commonly understood descriptive (p. 199). Prà ªt produces sandwiches, filled baguettes, soup, salad and coffee. It also prepares desserts, muffins (the American variety), cakes, and croissants. Some locations also serve sushi and noodles. Prà ªt has a range of vegetarian options including roasted vegetable sandwiches and hummus wraps. In marketing though, customers seek to purchase its quality and benefits (Rix, 2004). Prà ªt essentially provides fresh fast food made with natural ingredients. They are passionate about freshness all food is made fresh in the shop on the day of purchase. Sandwiches are packaged in paperboard rather than sealed plastic, to emphasise that they are fresh and cannot be kept overnight. Some packaging contains recipes for some of their products; these are for people who want to make sandwiches like Prà ªts for themselves. Mor eover, Prà ªt also provides a delivery service for orders over  £30 minimum. Service can be identified as activities that meet customers needs or wants solely on intangible benefits (Rix, 2004). Their services are excellent; the staff are friendly, always greet with civility, approachable and enthusiastic, which makes their customers feel welcome (ref). Rix (2004) states Marketers are increasingly being faced with a choice between profitably satisfying the wants of their customers and complying with the wishes of various other groups in the community (p. 5). Prà ªt is aimed at the middle to upper class including white-collar workers and businessmen and women who use it regularly to have a coffee before work, especially the City type customers (ref). Therefore, Prà ªt stores are normally found near the train or tube stations, affluent places such as Canary Wharf, and cities such as Central London. These are places where will be more consumers that they are targeting at. Prets competitors include Starbucks, Costa, Nero and Eat. Relatively speaking, Starbucks is the biggest competitor since it is the largest coffeehouse business in the world. Companies that anticipate changes in consumer behaviour and respond with new gods and services are likely to achieve long-term health and profitability. But companies that change consumer behaviour have the opportunity to make major breakthroughs in new markets and industries (Hoffman et al. 2005) Already there are about 240 Prà ªt shops, which are mainly based in the UK. Statistically, their yearly turnover is approximately  £270 million a year (see Appendix 1.1) Task 1 P 1.1 Situation Analysis A thorough analysis of the situation in which the firm finds itself serves as the basis for identifying opportunities to satisfy unfulfilled customer needs (City of London Academy, Edition 1). Need to be changed One of procedures of the marketing planning is the marketing audit, which plays a huge part that constantly is being conducted throughout the whole process. It is to study internal factors, while also anticipates stakeholders and external factors. The Chartered Institute of Marketing says: Carrying out the marketing audit provides the opportunity to review and appraise your whole marketing activity, enabling you to assess past and present performance as well as to provide the basis for evaluating possible future courses of action. (year) Marketing audit breaks down into two categories: The microenvironment is the forces close to the company that affect its ability to serve its customers (Kotler et al. 1998, pp. 885-886). This is focusing on the internal business experiences, where an organization has a complete control, giving this opportunity to improve the business. The macro-environment is the larger societal forces that affect the whole microenvironment (Kotler et al. 1998, pp. 885-886). This is the external factors, where a business barely or has absolute no control on, that changes may adversely affect the organisation. (ref) SWOT analysis is a method, which came from the research conducted at Stanford Research Institute. It draws all the evidence from several analytical techniques used, provides basic useful information of developing the business, marketing objectives or aims and new products into the market. Prà ªt undertakes a SWOT analysis, which its abbreviation is Strengths, the strong features and positions of the company, Weaknesses, where the company needs to improve in order to maintain the best image of the business as possible internal issues, Opportunities, where the company can grab chances to better themselves and to expand their reputation, and Threats, where the company relish challenges that may affect the business external issues (Rix, 2004). Example of SWOT analysis is shown below: Table 1: (1.1 Explanation of SWOT analysis) Strengths Non-stop producing new products. Often do offers. Prices are cheap and affordable. Always create new advertisements. Services are fast and easy. Weaknesses Products are not healthy. Advertise unhealthy products i.e. burgers Contributes to obesity. Loaded with sugar. Opportunities Exploitation of interest in healthier eating. Sponsoring could help the business their sales. Home deliveries service Threats International exchange rate Increasing labours wages Competitors pricing Competitors invent similar products, might be better. Source: The researcher PEST is an analysis of external factors, generally considered to be outside the control of a business. The PEST analysis is to identify both presents and futures opportunities and threats. PEST stands for Political; Economic; Social and Technology (ref). Clear explanation of each of these are shown in the following: Table 2: (1.1 Explanation of PEST) Political These are factors that are controlled by the government policies. Economic These factors are related to political and are concerned about interest rates, exchange rate, economic growth and income levels. Social Concerning the factors of age, size of families, healthy lifestyle and religions. Technology Factors concern such as computers, machineries, motor vehicles etc. Source: The researcher P 1.2 A mission or vision statement is a statement that provides a signpost of where your business aims to be in the future (Chartered Institute of Marketing, ). Choose better one A mission statement has to be concise and explicitly explain that provides a clear view of Prà ªts intention to customers and stakeholders, what is their business and who their customers are. It also provides motivation within the organization, helps them to focus on accomplishing their objectives (ref). This helps marketer to make informed decisions of suitable strategies and programs. Here are the two mission statements of Prà ªt: Turnover currently  £270 million: to increase 9% within 2 years time. To expand wider and open new stores this year: 3 new stores to be opened in Birmingham, (BBC News, 2010). According to media sources, Prà ªts turnover is constantly increased in the recent years. Although economic crisis has just ended, nonetheless the business somehow managed to make profits. This shows that the businesss financial situation is stable and secure. Table 3: (1.2 Marketing Mix for Prà ªt a Manager) Product Hoi sin Duck Wrap is a Cantonese style of wrap Prà ªt does. Inside the wrap has shredded roast duck, hoisin sauce, red onions, cucumber, leaf spinach and a touch of mayo in a tortilla wrap. The wrap contains nuts, sesame free, dairy free, GM free and high protein, which keeps customers full longer. Every single Pret store has its own kitchen, they make the product every single purchase day, to make sure it is fresh and healthy. Those left unsold at the end of the day, they will not be re-sold, but will be collected by the charities, and then given to those are homeless. Price This product quite pricey due to the qualities it contains, which cost  £2.95 each. This can be cost plus pricing, average cost of the product and service plus a profit margin; it has a high mark-up. Place The channels of distribution of this product will be service providers to consumers, as well as direct marketing through the website so the consumers can shop at home, but minimum of  £30. This product sells in a clean and pleasant environment, affluent places like the city, where the market targets will perform the desire behaviour. Usually during lunchtime, when this product can be purchased the most. Promotion Prà ªt promotes the product through word of mouth by informal communication about the product by ordinary individuals, satisfied customers or people specifically engaged to create word of mouth momentum. Sales staff often plays an important role in word of mouth. This promotion also includes leaflets, shop windows, and its own website, targeting at older group, middle and upper class groups. Source: wesite SWOT analysis is used to get something in the right position in the market and help in companys strategic planning. It must be done before Prà ªts product (Hoi Sin Duck Wrap) is launched and at regular intervals after that, also needs to spend resources to maximize profit and minimise potential threat (ref). The following table shows the SWOT analysis of Prà ªt that may influence their sales of the new product. Table 4: (1.2 SWOT Analysis for Prà ªt a Manager) Strengths Prà ªt is well known for handmade sandwiches, which are made with natural ingredients, and immaculate service, which the quality of products and customers are the companys priorities. The business also does delivery service that other sandwich bars do not provide, as well as online order. Thus, these advantages may aid to gain repeat sales of Hoi Sin Duck Wrap. Weaknesses Prà ªt is considerably to be one of the most expensive sandwich bars in the world. This also means that the business only has certain target audience and stores can be found in affluent areas only. Prà ªt stores are generally small that unable to provide sufficient seats for customers to eat in. Thus, the sales of Hoi Sin Duck Wrap will not be expectedly high. Opportunities Prà ªt does not franchise. The business could take this opportunity to franchise out; not only Prà ªt can gain popularity, the business can also earn some fees from franchising! Prà ªt does not involve a lot of advertisements. Advertising plays a major part in every organization Prà ªt should seriously think about advertisements on television and newspapers etc. Thus, Hoi Sin Duck Wrap is highly unreachable. Threats The risk of competitors entering the market. Competitors such as Starbucks often distribute discount vouchers. Customers are aware of the price and generally; they tend to go for cheaper options. Thus, Hoi Sin Duck Wraps product life cycle is predictably short. Source: website Prà ªt must consider on the external environment influences, which may have impact on its product. It is a strategic planning technique that provides a useful framework for analysing the environmental pressure on Prà ªt and its product (ref). Table 5: (1.2 PEST for Prà ªt a Manager) Political Economic Social Technology Source: The researcher Task 2 P 2.1 Marketing Barriers Barriers are vague obstacles that tend to thwart a marketing plan and unable to pass messages to external stakeholders. A marketer needs to understand and identify each of the barriers that they are confronting, in order to avoid scuppering the plan. Marketers generally realise these barriers when they manage to envisage a business is not growing or a prolonged unstable position (ref). These barriers can be both internal and external, and all must take into account: Not knowing your product Lack of knowledge in a businesss product and what services the business can provide to their customers can be an immense barrier to the business success. There will be no guarantee, security, customer loyalty, and number of complaints will increase, the business is ineffectual and needs improvement immediately. Whilst the business competitors understand their products, this can adversely affect the business turnover and repeat sales will not occur. Not knowing your competition If a researcher does not know where a business stands and positions of the business competitors, it is highly unlikely that the business can topple its competitors. Competitors study and observe their own competitors. This will give competitors the ideas how to better their performance. Gradually, competitors successfully satisfy customers and therefore eventually, the business will be ceased. Not understanding the market A product is ready to enter the market. However, if a researcher does not know what a business segmentations are can cause problems to the sales campaign. If the researcher does not know where these segments are, which segment should be regarded and disregarded, the marketing plan will not be effective. It is also concerned with costs. For example, the researcher does not study the environment for the business products, high premises cost, electricity and gas, the business will have no the potential to reach the top. Capital requirements The amount of financial resources that every new business enters a market is immense. Businesses such as manufacturing industries and building constructions are required extortionate machineries in order to run its business. Investments can also occur to existing businesses. For instance, investing in new product: finance availability for research and development, production, marketing etc. The investment risk is great, therefore creates barrier. However, there is a prospect of overthrowing the business competitors. Government policy This is concerned with macro-environment. Government policies sometimes are forced to halt competition. For example, laws and regulations such as product testing regulations, global warming and limits on access to raw materials can inhibit the growth of competitions due to licensing requirements. P 2.2 Solutions for marketing barriers Knowing your product It is vital to understand wholly and study what products and services that Prà ªt are providing, how they are functioned and any most recent information that a marketer should know. This will guide the marketer to the right direction and helps to plan a marketing strategy. Having knowledge of the companys products can laden relationships with customers, suppliers and other stakeholders. For instance, customers expectations will be made, therefore sales enhance. Suppliers will be delighted to supply, as Prà ªt seems stable and able to meet payments on time. Knowing your competition It is important to know and learn about competitors. Competitors can be one of keys to a Prà ªts achievement, as researchers can study and observe the business competitors to acknowledge its weaknesses, opportunities and threats. This consists of competitive pricing, niche market availability, promotion, advertisements and other relevant useful information that can be learned. Understanding your market Researchers must know what are the target groups and who prà ªt is selling its products to. To conduct a market research can help researchers to understand the specific target audience and customers expectations in terms of price and quality. Methods of market research can be primary and/or secondary, quantitative and/or qualitative. Internet is a very effective tool that can help Prà ªt to overcome its barriers. Information and data that are needed can mostly be found online. Also, if researchers are struggling, good guidelines can also be found on the Internet. Until researchers are fulfilled with the results, decisions are then made and subsequently, implement a marketing plan. Task 3 P 3.1 In competitive world, companies need to produce new products to satisfy customer needs. A company cannot expect to continue growth or to maximise profit by relying exclusively on its existing products. The company must retain to control its market by continuous product innovation that involves complete new product development, product improvement, which is to discover different ways in improving existing products effectively, and imitative products, which means a copied product that is already exist in the market by other companies. It is essential to know how to manage a new product, which goes through its life cycle (Kotler et al., year) Every product has its life cycle, showing how long a product will last for. Product life cycle is the phases a product goes through from its introduction to its final decline (ref). The product life cycle has five main phases: Table 6: (3.1 Product Life Cycle) Induction This is the starting point, where a product has just begun its sales life. There is usually no profit making due to higher cost of marketing and development. Growth This is the period when a products sales has just set to rise, and the cost begins to fall due to economies of scale the more consumers purchase the product, the quicker the product will run out, therefore the more quantities of the product will be supplied by the suppliers. Maturity A sale is expanding at a slower rate and profits are soaring. More and more consumers purchase the product. The pricing may be lower due to greater competition. Saturation A market is begun to fall due to many other similar products, better products, out of date etc. The product will not be produced as much as it used to. Decline The ending of a product where the sales cannot survive again, therefore the price will be reduced more. The product then is withdrawn. Source: author , date Hoi Sin Duck Wrap is a product, which has been developed and marketed to Prets customers, and is currently market leader. Still as the researcher knowledge, there is no market follower for this product. Kotler et al. (year) believe a product tends to develop, improve and modify through research, as well as to identify, create and deliver the new product that has not emerged in the market yet. Every business must have its segmentation and targeting, its own branding and knowing relationship marketing in order to innovate flawlessly and increase demand. Segmentation technique is separated a market into groups, where there will be different segments requires and different market approaches. It is concerned on understanding customers lifestyles, preferences and aspirations. This can help businesses to find out what consumers are expected and their needs in order to develop products and increase overall demand. ACORN and MOSIAC help to identify groups consumers who are willing to purchase, therefore there will be a market for each product. Table 7: (3.1 Segmentation) ACORN A Classification Of Residential Neighborhoods, is a tool used to identify and understand the population and the demand for products and services. Businesses use this information to identify consumers needs and try to target at more consumers. Also identifying consumers age, income, employment, and type of holidays they go for etc. CACI Information Services develops classification of residential areas, market analysis and provides information. MOSIAC This is another classification to identify household types by combination of credit history, share ownership, postcode data etc. This can help businesses what type of characteristics they are aiming at. Source: author, date Segmentation technique also includes geographic, demographic, and psychographic. This can be developed so that it can create an effective marketing plan. Geographic This is a method to identify customer behavior information, such as consumer density, past purchasing behaviors etc, which may differ from other countries. Demographic This uses population factors based on variables such as age, gender family size, income, occupation, education, religion, race and nationality (ACORN). Psychographic A breakdown of consumers according to different characteristics, including the attitudes expectations and activities of consumers, their interests and lifestyles. Source: author, date Task 4 P 4.1 Marketing ethical is related to or concerning morals, justice or duty, based on ideas of right and wrong. Rules or laws that have already been set, everyday we make any decision may consider on those principles (Baker, 2006). There two main approaches in ethical identified by Rix (2004) are rules approach and outcomes approach. Rules approach is otherwise known as deontological. It is when rules must be strictly adhered, despite of the outcome. Rix (2004) states trust is one of the main keys of ethical rules in marketing. For instance, a products appearance is deceptive that lures a customer into purchasing the product, although it does not physically harm the customer is still ethically wrong. Likewise a company intends to maximise profit by conducting unethical approaches, such as making redundancies without a reason, the action is regard as unethical (Rix, 2004). Outcomes approach is otherwise known as teleological. It is occurred when an outcome is seemingly good and bad, dependi ng on the outcome prospective. For instance, Tesco brings a product into the market, but other groceries have had the product in the market already. Tesco set an unreasonable price for the product that is much lower than other competitors, which competitors accuse Tesco of unethical pricing. A contrary point of view from Tesco, that the outcome is beneficial to its stakeholders. If this action stays on, it may produce a greater amount of good than damaging others (Rix, 2004). P 4.2 Marketing mix is a tool that a company has the complete control. There are 4 main elements (4ps) in marketing mix, which are product, price, place and promotion. The fifth P, which is people, sometimes is added to demonstrate the relationship with customers. 2 further Ps are usually added within service industry, which are process and physical evidence (Lancaster and Reynolds, 1999). Conclusion